Tema 6.2: Grammar. Past perfect. Affirmative and negative sentences.

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TEMA 2: PAST PERFECT. AFFIRMATIVE AND NEGATIVE SENTENCES

VIDEO DE LA CLASE

GRAMMAR

VOCABULARIO

                                          AG.6.2.1

Investigation	Detective	Criminal	Victim	Suspect
Investigación	Detective	Criminal	Víctima	Sospechoso

Evidence	Proof	Crime	Robbery	Kidnapping
Evidencia	Prueba	Delito	Robo	Secuestro

PASADO PERFECTO. ORACIONES AFIRMATIVAS Y NEGATIVAS

El pasado perfecto es un tiempo verbal que se usa para describir una acción que ocurrió antes de otra acción en el pasado. A continuación, se explican las oraciones afirmativas y negativas en pasado perfecto.

Affirmative sentences

El pasado perfecto afirmativo se forma con el verbo auxiliar "had" seguido del participio pasado del verbo principal.

Estructura:

Sujeto + had + participio pasado

Ejemplos:

                                          AG.6.2.2

1. The Detective had solved the crime before the criminal confessed.
     El detective había resuelto el crimen antes de que el criminal confesara.

2. The victim had escaped before the kidnapping occurred.
     La víctima había escapado antes de que ocurriera el secuestro.

3. They had gathered all the evidence before the investigation started.
     Ellos habían reunido todas las pruebas antes de que comenzara la investigación.

Negative sentences

El pasado perfecto negativo se forma añadiendo "not" después del verbo auxiliar "had".

Estructura:

Sujeto + had + not + participio pasado

Ejemplos:

                                          AG.6.2.3

1. The detective had not found any proof before the suspect was arrested.
     El detective no había encontrado ninguna prueba antes de que arrestaran al sospechoso.

2. The criminal had not committed the robbery before the investigation started.
     El criminal no había cometido el robo antes de que comenzara la investigación.

3. The victim had not identified the suspect before the evidence was shown.
     La víctima no había identificado al sospechoso antes de que se mostraran las pruebas.

La contracción de had + not es hadn't.

Ejercicio:

Ayude al teacher a traducir al inglés las siguientes oraciones:

1. El criminal había escondido las pruebas antes de que comenzara la investigación.

2. El detective había entrevistado al testigo antes de que se cerrara el caso de secuestro.

3. El sospechoso había huido de la escena antes de que llegara el detective.

EJERCICIOS RESUELTOS ERG.6.2.1.

Ordena las palabras en la siguiente oración. Arrastra las palabras al campo.

Para ver la solución del ejercicio haz clic en el botón: VER SOLUCIÓN

EJERCICIOS PROPUESTOS EPG.6.2.2

Escoge la respuesta correcta

1. She _____________ such a beautiful sunset. (see/negative)

• a) sees
• b) hadn't seen
• c) seen
• d) had seen
• e) see
• f) saw

2. They _____________ at the station when the train left. (arrive/negative)

• a) arrived
• b) arriving
• c) arrives
• d) hadn't arrived
• e) had arrived
• f) arrive

3. By the time I got there, they _____________ all the cake. (eat/affirmative)

• a) eats
• b) ate
• c) had eaten
• d) have eaten
• e) eat
• f) eaten

4. He _____________ hard for the exam. (study/affirmative)

• a) had studied
• b) studies
• c) study
• d) studying
• e) has studied
• f) studied

5. We _____________ on the project all night. (work/affirmative)

• a) had worked
• b) works
• c) worked
• d) working
• e) work
• f) has worked

6. She _____________ the book before the movie was released. (read/affirmative)

• a) reads
• b) had read
• c) has read
• d) reading
• e) read
• f) readed

7. I _____________ he was coming to the party. (know/negative)

• a) hadn't known
• b) knows
• c) had known
• d) knew
• e) known
• f) know

8. They _____________ when I arrived at the party. (leave/affirmative)

• a) leave
• b) leaveed
• c) had left
• d) left
• e) has left
• f) leaving

9. He _____________ his room before his parents arrived. (clean/negative)

• a) had cleaned
• b) hadn't cleaned
• c) clean
• d) hasn't cleaned
• e) cleans
• f) cleaned

10. I _____________ that museum last year. (visit/affirmative)

• a) visiting
• b) had visited
• c) visits
• d) has visited
• e) visited
• f) visit

11. She _____________ her lunch when I called her. (finish/negative)

• a) finishes
• b) had finished
• c) finished
• d) finishesed
• e) finish
• f) hadn't finished

12. We _____________ on the date for the wedding yet. (decide/negative)

• a) deciding
• b) hasn't decided
• c) decide
• d) had decided
• e) decided
• f) hadn't decided

13. By the time I got home, they _____________ left. (leave/negative)

• a) hadn't left
• b) leave
• c) had left
• d) haven't left
• e) left
• f) leaves

14. I _____________ that song several times before. (hear/affirmative)

• a) had heard
• b) hear
• c) hearing
• d) heard
• e) hears
• f) has heard

15. They _____________ in that house for ten years before moving. (live/affirmative)

• a) had lived
• b) has lived
• c) living
• d) live
• e) lives
• f) lived

16. He _____________ abroad before his trip to Italy. (travel/negative)

• a) travel
• b) hasn't traveled
• c) traveled
• d) travels
• e) had traveled
• f) hadn't traveled

17. I _____________ that movie until last week. (see/negative)

• a) seeing
• b) saw
• c) see
• d) had seen
• e) hadn't seen
• f) haven't seen

18. He _____________ his parents before the wedding. (meet/negative)

• a) hadn't met
• b) met
• c) hasn't met
• d) meets
• e) had met
• f) meet

19. She _____________ her homework before the class started. (finish/affirmative)

• a) has finished
• b) finish
• c) finished
• d) finishesed
• e) had finished
• f) finishes

20. I _____________ the instructions properly. (understand/negative)

• a) had understood
• b) understand
• c) understood
• d) understands
• e) hadn't understood
• f) hasn't understood

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